Purpose: Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of mortality in all over the world. We evaluated the effect of eight weeks combined training on some cardiovascular risk factors in sedentary healthy middle aged men. Methods: 24 sedentary healthy, middle aged male subjects (age: 63.4±2.1 years, BMI: 23.1±2.5 kg/m2) participated in this study. Subject were randomly assigned to training (T, n=12) and control (C, n=12) groups. T group, underwent one training session per day, 3 days/week, for 8 weeks. Training program included both aerobic and resistance exercise. Aerobic training consisted in 20 min running on a treadmill at 60-70% HRR for each session. Resistance training consisted in 10 movement stations e.g., leg flex-extension-press, squat, lat pull, chest press, cross arm, biceps-triceps with halter and sit up in 2 sets with 10 repetitions that performed at 70% 1RM. Before and after combined aerobic/resistance training, all subject underwent body fat assessment and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX). Venous blood samples were also drawn for determination of plasma levels of adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and homocysteine. Data were analyzed using repeated measure test (ANOVA). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Result: Plasma levels of IL-6, homocysteine and body fat were significantly reduced and adiponectine was significantly increased in T, w hereas all the variables did not change significantly in C. Vo2max increase significantly only in T group (20.41±2.93 vs 23.25±2.00) and in control group (19.91±2.84 vs 20.08±3.20). Conclusion: Combined aerobic/resistance exercise training program by reducing plasma levels of IL-6 and homocysteine and increasing adiponectin levels might result in an improvement cardiovascular risk in middle-aged healthy subject

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