ABSTRACT The Pillaring process of montmorillonite has been carried out in order to promote the increase of clay mineral absorption capacity. The characteristics of clay minerals were investigated using XRD, XRF and ICP analyzes. Since the absorption capacity increase in the clays is possible by increasing the distance between the layers (d001), for the pillaring operation, AlCl3.CrCl3.6H2O and AlCl3.FeCl3.6H2O metal polycations were used. All factors affecting pillaring action such as pH, heat, balance time, and so on were investigated. The base spacing in the raw material was 12.21A, and after the Pillared process, the Al-Fe polycations sample was 18.35 Aº and in the Pillared sample with Al-Cl reached 14.06Aº.

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