Background and Objectives: Heart disease is a leading cause of death in today's society. This study examined the effects of cardiac rehabilitation exercise on lipid profile and expression of PPAR-α gene in patients with CABG. Methods: this is a quasi-experimental study and the research sample was selected after screening among CABG patients randomly divided into two groups: control (n=12) and experimental (n=12). The experimental group would do the rehabilitation exercises for two months, after the surgery and passing the period of hospitalization. The control group was discharged after surgery and passing the initial phase of rehabilitation. To study the biochemical variables as well as measure PPAR-α gene expression of lymphocytes, the blood samples were collected before and after the last training session, while all subjects were fasting. To measure the gene expression of PPAR-α, qRT-PCR method was used. Statistical analysis was done using repeated measures by the SPSS software, Version 20. Results: In following up of a two-month cardiac rehabilitation exercises, a significant increase in PPAR-α gene expression and plasma HDL levels in the training group was observed compared with the control group (p<0.05). But concentrations of LDL and triglycerides in the rehabilitation group were decreased, compared to the control group; however this reduction was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that conducted protocol by the researchers for cardiac rehabilitation can be used as a strategic way to improve lipid profile and improve cardiovascular function in CABG patients have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease heavily.

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