Background and Objective: The characteristic of diabetic ulcers is delayed wound healing due to persistent inflammation and excessive production of reactive oxygen species. In this study, the vitreous humour of Cow eyes was used as a biological dressing. The reasons for using the Cow vitreous humour are the availability of this tissue, its resistance to microbial contamination and, most importantly, being a source of collagen and hyaluronic acid, which their effects on wound healing are well known. Currently, vitreous has been considered as biological waste. Materials & Methods: 35 streptozotocin-Induced diabetic rats (Wistar, male) were randomly divided into five groups. At the back of each mice, three of 6 mm diameter wounds were created. In each mouse, wounds were treated with; betadine as a control group, central and posterior vitreous dressing. Macroscopic and microscopic studies of wounds were performed on days 1, 3, 5, 8 and 14. Results: Macroscopic studies indicated that at day 1 there were no significant effects on the vitreous treated wounds compared to the control group. On the third day, both central and posterior vitreous significantly reduced the diameter of the wounds (p<0.05), but such effect was not observed on the fifth, eighth and fourteenth days. Conclusion: Although, the effects of collagen and hyaluronic acid are visible in the first stage of wound healing, in the phase of angiogenesis, the effect of vitreous dressing is not observed. It can be due to the presence of relatively high vitamin C in the vitreous.

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