Abstract Background: Social communication deficits is often considered as one of the main characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An alternative explanation about social interactions deficits is visual stream deficits in people with developmental disorder such as ASD. Hypothesis of difficulties in performance of visual stream in relation with social interactions provides an action-perception mechanism in which individual should recognize social stimuli, process it and finally provide a suitable response which creates a chain of reception-perception-response to social stimuli. So, the main goal of current study is to investigate the effect of 30 sessions of vision behavior therapy on social performance of children with ASD. Methods: A double-blind following the randomized and controlled trial was conducted over 2017-2018. 46 children with ASD (33 males and 15 females, aged between 6 and 12 years) were divided randomly into visual-motor (n=16), motor (n=11), computer-based visual training (n=10), and control (n=9) groups. Positive and negative social behaviors were evaluated in the baseline, after treatment, and two months follow up which an objective observation method was used. All The intervention groups trained their intervention for 30 sessions while the control group at the same time received usual care. Results: Motor group showed significant improvement in positive and negative social interaction (p<.001) while the other groups had no significant difference. Conclusion: Social performance is a process that requires the experience of cooperation and participation in social environments. Our study adds to the emerging body of evidence indicating that motor training for children with ASD almost is an effective approach for social communication of ASD, but maintenance strategies need to be developed. Trial registration IRN, #IR.UM.REC.1397.014. Registered 16 January 2019, http://ethics.research.ac.ir/PortalProposalListEn.php?code=IR.UM.REC.1397.014

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