Title : ( Improvement of non-specific immunity, growth, and activity of digestive enzymes in Carassius auratus as a result of apple cider vinegar administration to diet )
Authors: Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh , Ali Javadmanesh , Omid Safari ,Access to full-text not allowed by authors
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) administration on non-specific immunity of serum and skin mucus, growth indices and activity of digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, and protease) in Carasius auratus. For this purpose, 180 fish (weighing 7.35±0.19 gr) were allocated to 4 treatment groups with 3 replications in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed for 105 days using a basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 1% (T 1), 2% (T 2) and 4% (T 3) ACV (contained 5% Acetic acid). Results showed a significant increase in lysozyme activity, ACH50, and total immunoglobulin of skin mucus in fish fed with T2-diet (P<0.05). Total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activity were significantly lower in the serum of fish fed with control diet than those fed with mentioned treatment (P<0.05). The highest value was observed in fish fed with T2-diet. Minimum (p<0.05) complement activity (1.52 ±0. 25 U ml-1) was observed in fish fed with control diet. Mean of final weights (17.35±1.39 g), daily growth (1.0±0.01 g), and specific growth rate (2.19±0.14) was significantly higher in T3-diet group than the controls (p<0.05). While the highest amylase specific activity was observed in the controls (p<0.05), there was a significant increase in specific activity of protease, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase in T2-diet group (p<0.05). According to results of this study, inclusion of a limited quantity of ACV (4%) into the diet can improve immunity and growth parameters in C. auratus.
Keywords
, Non-specific immunity, Apple cider vinegar, Organic acids, Digestive enzyme@article{paperid:1079245,
author = {Ahmadniaye Motlagh, Hamidreza and Javadmanesh, Ali and Safari, Omid},
title = {Improvement of non-specific immunity, growth, and activity of digestive enzymes in Carassius auratus as a result of apple cider vinegar administration to diet},
journal = {Fish Physiology and Biochemistry },
year = {2020},
volume = {46},
number = {4},
month = {April},
issn = {0920-1742},
pages = {1387--1395},
numpages = {8},
keywords = {Non-specific immunity; Apple cider vinegar; Organic acids; Digestive enzyme},
}
%0 Journal Article
%T Improvement of non-specific immunity, growth, and activity of digestive enzymes in Carassius auratus as a result of apple cider vinegar administration to diet
%A Ahmadniaye Motlagh, Hamidreza
%A Javadmanesh, Ali
%A Safari, Omid
%J Fish Physiology and Biochemistry
%@ 0920-1742
%D 2020