This study presented (1) a spatiotemporal analysis of the relationship between the uplift and subsidence rate and groundwater table variation, and (2) the linkage between the ground surface displacement rate and groundwater pumping area in three zones located in northeastern Iran using Sentinel-1 SAR data. An analysis of the groundwater table variation and the InSAR displacement data showed the linkage between uplift and subsidence rates and groundwater table variations. From 2015 to 2017, the groundwater level rose from 54.72 to 64.64 m.a.s.l (zones 1 & 2) and from 13.52 to 21.81 m.a.s.l (zone 3). The subsidence rate highly decreased from -110 to -40 mm (zones 1 & 2) and from -100 to -30 mm (zone 3) between 2015 and 2017. After this period, the groundwater table significantly recovered and increased +16.6 (zones 1 & 2) and +8.29 m (zone 3) between 2018 and 2019. In this period, the ground surface rose 120 (zones 1 & 2) and 130 mm (zone 3); i.e., the land subsidence induced by groundwater lowering was recovered as uplift. The trend of groundwater level and displacement time series mainly exhibited an elastic behavior of the aquifer system in response to the groundwater level fluctuation. Further, there was a significant relationship between the distances to pumping wells and displacement extent. The spatial extent of areas with the maximum subsidence rates decreased as the distance from the pumping wells increased. By contrast, the spatial extent of areas occupied by the minimum subsidence rates increased with increasing the distance from the pumping wells.

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