Today, food security is a major human concern. Therefore, research on crop yield and yield gap has been seriously increasing in recent years. For this purpose, the yield gap of rice fields in Guilan province was investigated using the ORYZA2000 model and integrated GIS-RS approaches. First, to estimate the coefficients of the ORYZA2000 model, an experimental survey was performed in the Rice Research Institute of Iran in the 2016 and 2017 years. At first, with the help of the model, the potential yield of rice in Guilan province was predicted. SDVIs (Satellite imagery-derived vegetation indices) were extracted from Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 satellite images. SDVIs were evaluated to select the most proper one for generating the actual yield raster. Finally, the map of the yield gap was prepared from the differences between potential yield and actual yield rasters. The result showed that the NRMSE in the simulation of grain yield and aboveground biomass was less than 8%. The yield gap in rice cultivated farms of Guilan province during the two years of the experiment was estimated to be between 37 and 3090 kg ha−1. The results of this study can provide good basic information for optimizing rice yield.

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