Distemper is a contagious, highly lethal, and almost incurable viral disease in dogs and other terrestrial carnivores. This study aimed to treat distemper in dogs with a novel method. Two healthy male dogs of mixed breed were prepared. A 1000-dose vial of Newcastle disease vaccine was then diluted and 3 ml of it was injected into the cephalic vein of each dog. Eleven hours later, 20% of their blood volume was collected. Blood sera were separated and used as anti- Newcastle disease vaccine serum (ANDVS) to treat dogs suspected to have canine distemper. Dogs with confirmed distemper were grouped in the following seven treatment groups: 1- ANDVS; 2- ANDVS+ Cotrimoxazole; 3- ANDVS+ Penicillin-Gentamicin; 4- ANDVS+ Cefazolin-Amikacin; 5- Cotrimoxazole; 6- Penicillin-Gentamycin; 7- Cefazolin-Amikacin. Then the fatality rate of dogs, correlation between distemper and sex, breed, age, and effects of distemper on hematological factors and vital signs were evaluated. The recovery rate in the ANDVS+ Cotrimoxazole and the ANDVS+ Cefazolin-Amikacin groups were higher than the ANDVS group (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between the fatality rate in distemper positive and negative dogs. It is concluded that although ANDVS alone has no effect on the treatment of distemper, along with some antibiotics such as cotrimoxazole or cefazolin+ amikacin can increase the recovery rate compared to antibiotics used alone.

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