Background: In recent years, there has been noticeable interest in utilizing biological, viral, bacterial, yeast, and parasitic agents to cure cancers. According to several studies, parasitic infections and the occurrence of neoplasms are negatively correlated, as well as their interference with the growth of tumors. This review aims to investigate previous literature related to tumors and Trichinella spiralis. Methods: Nine databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Magiran, SID, Medline, Embase, and Lilacs) were searched for published articles on T. spiralis anti-tumor effects from January 2000 to January 2023. Fifteen affiliated articles with complete abstracts were included in this study. All data were extracted from interconnected papers and analyzed with R version 4.2.1 artificial intelligence software. Results: T. spiralis was found to have antitumor properties. The active proteins in T. spiralis, such as Caveolin-1, Heat shock proteins, and Ribosomal proteins, are thought to inhibit cancers such as melanoma, myeloma, sarcoma, leukemia, stomach cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, and lung cancer. In addition, these proteins are thought to induce apoptosis in specific neoplastic cells. Excretory-secretory proteins (ESPs) are complex proteins produced by T. spiralis during the infestation. It is believed that polypeptide proteins and ESPs may inhibit tumor growth during the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis, including the muscle larva (ML), the newborn larva (NBL), and the adult worm. Conclusion: Our knowledge of T. spirals’ role in antitumor therapy has greatly improved due to advancements in research on the relationships between the organism and tumors. Trichinella spiralis may be an effective tumor biotherapy agent, but many unanswered questions remain.

Keywords