The growth and development of skeletal muscle tissue is largely regulated by myostatin during the tissue development in embryos. This tissue may overgrow if there is a deficiency in myostatin expression. Gene expression may be regulated in a particular way by oligonucleotide antisense molecules. It has been demonstrated that a new DNA-based oligonucleotide can down-regulate myostatin expression in a rat model. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of a DNAi-based myostatin inhibitor on the vesceral fat and leg muscle weights of Wistar rats undergoing strength training. Three groups of male rats, with an average weight of 203g ± 10.5, were chosen at four weeks of age. These cohorts comprised: 1) DNAi group had resistance training in addition to receiving 10 mg/kg of rat body weight of DNAi. 2) Resistance exercise and saline injection group Group for injection of saline. Then, weight measurements for the carcass, heart, liver, left kidney, right kidney, spleen, visceral fat, twin muscles, soleus muscle, and left leg were made for each group. Histological assessment on soleus muscle section was performed. One-way ANOVA was then used to examine the results and means were compared using Tukey’s test. As the data show, the proposed molecule did not significantly contribute to an increase in body weight, in contrast to previous assumptions. Nonetheless, the twin muscle\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s relative and absolute weights increased significantly with and visceral fat decreased with DNAi injection (P<0.05). Although weekly body weight increase and the final weights were not affected by DNAi injection, it could be explained by loosing fat tissue during experiment. This molecule is promising in increasing muscle tissue grow however further prolonged experiments and evaluating myostatin gene expression is recommended in future experiments.

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