This study presents a numerical investigation into the effects of aero-optical phenomena and light refraction caused by variations in the density field and shock waves on optical sensors and seekers of projectiles in the hypersonic flow regime. The focus is on a detailed analysis to better understand these aero-optical phenomena, the factors influencing light refraction, and how aerodynamic parameters affect density field variations due to airflow in the hypersonic regime, ultimately impacting the displacement and deviation of light beams. The research includes Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations to model the fluid flow around guided projectiles and to quantitatively assess the impact of aerodynamic parameters on the performance of optical sensors as a result of aero-optical phenomena. A numerical algorithm has been developed to accurately determine the deviation and tracking of light beams as they pass through a fluid medium with variable density fields. Consequently, this research provides a framework for understanding and mitigating aero-optical effects in aerodynamic environments within the hypersonic regime.

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