The genus Colchicum belongs to the family Colchicaceae and comprises 100 species worldwide of which fifteen are reported to grow in Iran. Colchicine is the main alkaloid that obtain from the bulb and seeds of colchicum. To study the adaptation of tow Iranian native colchicum spices (C. robustum and C. kotschyi) cultured under field and open field soilless culture conditions. The experiment was performed in a randomized complete block design at the Horticultural Research Station of Horticultural Department of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during the 2008-2009. Treatments were including of spices (tow spices) and medium of culture (three soilless media cultures include of 25%cocopit + 75% perlit, 50% cocopit + 50% perlit, 75% cocopeat + 25% perlit and filed soil conditions as control) with four replications. Corms of tow wild colchicum spices were collected from tow different locations in Iran and then planted during June 2008. Observations were include of phonological changes such as time of formation of daughter corms, starting of flowering and root activation, starting and ending of vegetative growth in soilless culture, field and wild conditions. The results showed that in corms planted in soilless culture, the mother corms were decomposed earlier and daughter corms formed sooner. Also formation of roots and starting of vegetative growth was occurred earlier in all soilless culture mediums than compared with control. Although there were not any difference for beginning of flowering between all treatments but flowers were more continues in soilless culture than compared with control. There were not significant different for the factors in soilless culture mediums. There were significant different between the spices in time of flowering and root formation. The results indicated that colchicum had compatibility with soilless culture conditions.

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