Pistacia atlantica Desf. mutica and Pistacia khinjuk are dioecious plants, in addition to having a high nutrition and medical value, it became an important Pistacia vera rootstocks for its good properties. Quick gender identification in juvenile stage causes great save in time and economic costs. Regarding long juvenile stage in Pistacia species, marker assistance selection can facilitated breeding program, Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) was used to determined sex in these two wild species. According to the results, only a 297 bp fragment was amplified in all female trees which was absent in male trees. Although sex determination mechanism in Pistacia is still unknown, in regard to correlations between SCAR marker and sex locus in Pistacia species, sex determination in Pistacia species is possibly controlled by the single or a few loci in these genus. Consequently by using SCAR - PCR technique, it is possible to detect sexual phenotype of Pistacia atlantica Desf. mutica and Pistacia khinjuk at the early vegetative stage, that save great in time and sex identification costs.

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