Abstract A quad inserted into a turbulent boundary layer of a flat plate and its effect on average heat transfer and the friction coefficient is studied. To optimize this effect, the edge sizes and distance of the quad from the flat plate are continually modified. In each case, simultaneously the heat transfer enhancement and reduction in skin friction are analyzed. For optimization, the genetic algorithm technique is employed and the results of each step of progress studied by following the Pareto curves. Physical domain is divided into control volumes, over which flow equations are discretized. To deal with the turbulence, several turbulence schemes are examined and appearance of flow features and stability in hard environments are monitored. The

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