Background: Reference to the role of cockroaches in transporting and distributing of various disease agents in remedial and hospital environment, dwellings and dormitories. Objective: The present study aimed to study the fauna of bacteria and fungi associated with the digestive system of Blattela germanica L. collected from various locations at end of fall in Mashhad. Methods: 50 German cockroaches were captured from each location. After dissection of digestive system under sterile condition, the extractions were incubated in suitable medium. Bacteria and fungi were identified by clinic of microbiology of Iman Reza hospital of Mashhad. Results: The most prevalent bacteria in hospital were Enterococcus spp. (78%) and Entrobacter aerogenes (50%). The most prevalent bacteria in dwellings were Klebsiella oxytoca (80%) and Enterococcus spp. (66%). The most prevalent bacteria in dormitories were Entrobacter aerogenes (96%) and Enterococcus spp. (50%). The fauna of bacteria in hospital consisted of Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. The fauna of bacteria associated with dwellings consisted of Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Entrobacter aerogenes and Micrococcus spp., whereas all species except Micrococcus spp. were found in dormitories. Moreover two species including Proteus vulgaris، Proteus mirabilis were not found in dwellings but in dormitories. The results included that Penicillium spp., Aspergillus spp. and Mucor spp. showed in three locations. Discussion: The results suggested that to reduce the risk of transmission of various disease agents. Conclusions: Suitable control should be applied to manage the population of cockroaches in various locations.

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