The aims of this study were to provide baseline knowledge about gastrointestinal parasites in golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) that inhabit the Mashhad area, and to analyze possible risk factors from October 2011 -August2012. To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in golden hamster, faecal samples were tested specifically for nematode eggs, protozoan oocysts and sporocysts utilizing a combined sedimentation–flotation technique. In addition, all fecal samples were examined to detect oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. using modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Of 100 golden hamsters, 52% were females and 48% males. Of all examined fecal samples of golden hamsters, 44% (95% CI: 34.3-53.7) were found to harbor at least one parasite species. The following parasites were detected (with their respective prevalence): undetermined Trichurata (42%, 95% CI: 29.5-48.5), Syphacia spp. (4.3%, 95% CI: 1-7.3). Cryptosporidium and protozoan oocysts were not found in these animals. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between age, sex, litter, breeding place, breeding style and anthelminthic treatment with individual helminth infection in faecal examination. This is the first record of the gastrointestinal parasites of golden hamster in Iran. Considering that hamster and other rodents are pets in many homes, the likelihood of cross-infections, particularly involving children and mainly due to unhygienic habits, should be determined.

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