Objectives: This serological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of Q fever in sheep population in Khorasan Razavi province. Materials & Methods: 255 sheep from 29 herds in 12 counties were selected by multistage cluster random sampling. Sera were assayed for antibody against Coxiella.burnetti using Q fever ELISA kit. Results & Conclusion: Seroprevalence of Coxiella.burnetti at animal level was 36.5% (95% CI 30.6%- 42.4%). Antibodies were detected in all studied counties. The proportion of seropositivity in studied counties ranged from 4.5%-72.7%, respectively. In 26 (89.6%; 95%CI: 78.6 - 100%) herds at least one seropositive case was detected. In Logistic regression model, age and county were correlated with seroprevalence (P<0.05). This study showed relatively high seroprevalence against Coxiella.burnetti in sheep population in this province. The agent potentially can cause disease in human, thus it seems necessary to pay more attention to the disease and conducting more epidemiological studies in animal and human population (especially those who are at risk).

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