Poultry Science, ( ISI ), Volume (92), No (4), Year (2013-7) , Pages (2059-2069)

Title : ( Effect of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens )

Authors: Hamideh Hashemipour , Hassan Kermanshahi , Abolghasem Golian , T. Veldcamp ,

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Abstract

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of phytogenic product containing an equal mixture of thymol and carvacrol at 4 levels (0, 60, 100, and 200 mg/kg of diet) on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens. Each of the 4 diets was fed to 5 replicates of 12 chicks each from d 0 to 42. The inclusion of thymol + carvacrol linearly decreased (P < 0.05) feed intake, but the highest (P < 0.05) BW gain (ADG) and feed efficiency was observed in broilers offered 200 mg/kg of phytogenic product. The phytogenic product linearly increased (P < 0.05) superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities and decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde level in thigh muscle at d 42 and serum and liver at d 24 and 42. Total saturated fatty acids were depressed (P < 0.05) and total polyunsaturated fatty acid and n-6 were linearly increased (P < 0.05) in serum and thigh by the inclusion of phytogenic product compared with the control diet. Supplementation with thymol + carvacrol also increased intestinal and pancreatic trypsin, lipase, and protease activities in 24-d-old (linear, P < 0.05) but not in 42-d-old birds. Thymol + carvacrol modified (linear, P < 0.05) immune response by increasing hypersensitivity response, total and IgG anti-sheep red blood cell titers, and decreasing heterophil to lymphocyte ratio compared with the control group. However, hematological parameters and lymphoid organ weight were not affected by thymol + carvacrol. Thus, feed supplementation with thymol + carvacrol enhanced performance, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, retarded lipid oxidation, enhanced digestive enzyme activities, and improved immune response of broilers.

Keywords

, phytogenic product , antioxidant enzyme , digestive enzyme , immunity , broiler
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@article{paperid:1036072,
author = {Hashemipour, Hamideh and Kermanshahi, Hassan and Golian, Abolghasem and T. Veldcamp},
title = {Effect of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens},
journal = {Poultry Science},
year = {2013},
volume = {92},
number = {4},
month = {July},
issn = {0032-5791},
pages = {2059--2069},
numpages = {10},
keywords = {phytogenic product ; antioxidant enzyme ; digestive enzyme ; immunity ; broiler},
}

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%0 Journal Article
%T Effect of thymol and carvacrol feed supplementation on performance, antioxidant enzyme activities, fatty acid composition, digestive enzyme activities, and immune response in broiler chickens
%A Hashemipour, Hamideh
%A Kermanshahi, Hassan
%A Golian, Abolghasem
%A T. Veldcamp
%J Poultry Science
%@ 0032-5791
%D 2013

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