Introduction and Objectives: Inflammation is an essential immune response process that enables survival during infection, injury and cancer. It is also maintains tissue homeostasis under a variety of complex conditions. Inflammation comes at the cost of a transient decline in tissue function, which can in turn contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases of altered homeostasis and can be categorized as local and systemic inflammation. Understanding the molecular signature of inflammation biomarkers can contribute to early diagnosis of diseases as well as designing new prophylactic and therapeutic agents. Therefore it is essential to develop simple and reasonable tools to monitor the inflammation biomarkers. The initial behavior of inflammatory process is mediated by innate pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), in which Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best characterized. The intracellular signaling cascades triggered by these PRRs lead to transcriptional expression of inflammatory mediators that coordinate the elimination of pathogens and infected cells. In this study we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as useful and simple tool to study the molecular markers of inflammation by real time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Material and Methods: In this study we used transcriptome expression to analyze the expression patterns of several PRRs including TLR2, TLR4, CD14 and adaptor protein MyD88 which are the main biomarkers of Inflammation in human and animal PBMC in various biological conditions by real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method. Result: According to our results up and down-regulation of TLR2, TLR4, CD14 and MyD88 transcripts could be observed when PBMC were treated with various concentrations of different antigens. Conclusion: In conclusion the results presented in this study show that PBMC could be used as simple and efficient tool to monitor and evaluate the cellular inflammatory responses as was shown by the expression analysis of genes involved in innate immunity and inflammation. Keywords: Inflammation, Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), Toll like receptors (TLRs), Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMC)

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