The term probiotic describe substances produced by one microorganism, that stimulate the growth of another, thus meaning the opposite of antibiotics that contribute to intestinal balance. Cancer is a serious global public health problem. Cancer incidence and mortality have been rising throughout the past century in most places of the world. At least 35 % of all cancers and more than half of cancer of the gastrointestinal tract are associated with feeding. The acceptance and consumption of probiotic products in the world, especially Europe and the United States and Japan has spread considerably. Results: There are several epidemiological evidences that support a protective role of probiotics against cancer. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are widely used. Prophylactic effects of probiotics in carcinogenesis process performed. This context show that normal intestinal flora can influence carcinogenesis by producing enzymes such as glycosidase, B-glucuronidase, azoreductase, and nitroreductase that transform precarcinogens into active carcinogens. LAB can reduce the levels of colon enzymes that convert pro-carcinogens to carcinogens. Incorporated with enhancing the host’s immune response, reducing able to binding and degrading carcinogens, producing antimutagenic compounds, altering the physiochemical conditions in the colon, altering the metabolic activity of the intestinal microbiota, by preventing cytokine-induced apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells. Conclusion: The Studies on the effect of probiotic consumption on prevention of human cancer appear promising. But more research is needed in this area.

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