Background: The main object of the present study is to investigate the effect of abusive supervision on turnover intention among healthcare employees. A model has been developed and tested which explains how abusive supervision affects employee turnover intention directly and through emotional exhaustion and how employees’ personality traits (employee resilience and future work self-salience) moderate the relationship between these variables. Methods: With a sample of 375 front-line employees who work in private hospitals of Mashhad, data were collected through questionaries with a Likert scale. The face validity and structural validity of questions have been tested, and then data have been analyzed using IBM- SPSS-AMOS 23.0 software. Results: The findings demonstrate that abusive supervision affects turnover intention (p=0.17, t=3.93) and emotional exhaustion (p=0.29, t=5.28). Emotional exhaustion impacts turnover intention (p=0.67, t=12.46) and also plays a mediating role in the relationship between abusive supervision and turnover intention (p= 0.19, t=4.86). Moreover, employee resilience was found to mitigate the relationship between abusive supervision and emotional exhaustion (sig = 0.022, t=-2.29), while future work self- salience increased the likelihood of turnover intention among the employees who experience abusive supervision. (sig = 0.027, t=2.22). Conclusions: The findings show that supervisors’ behavior has a significant impact on employees’ feelings and actions. However, this impact is not equal for all the employees, and their personality traits play an essential role. It can be concluded that if health care organizations attempt to control abusive supervision by properly training supervisors, they will have less emotionally exhausted employees with lower turnover intention. Moreover, hospitals should be aware that enhancing employee resilience benefits the organization by decreasing emotional exhaustion while future work self-salient employees negatively impact health sectors by increasing turnover intention.

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