Background: Echinococcus granulosus is a parasitic tapeworm that causes echinococcosis or hydatid disease in humans and livestock. The larval stage of the parasite results in the formation of hydatid cysts in various organs, leading to serious health complications. A protein called Echinococcus granulosus antigen B (EgAgB) is present in the fluid of these hydatid cysts. This review aims to examine prior literature on tumors and Echinococcus granulosus. Methods: Nine databases were searched for published articles on Echinococcus granulosus antitumor effects from January 2000 to January 2023. Fifteen relevant articles with complete abstracts were included in the study. R version 4.2.1 artificial intelligence software was utilized to extract and analyze data from interconnected papers. Results: The findings indicate that EgAgB exhibits anti-tumor effects in various types of cancer, including colon, lung, and breast cancer. One mechanism by which EgAgB exerts its anti-tumor effects is inducing programmed cell death or apoptosis in cancer cells, leading to the death of cancer cells and slowing or halting tumor growth. EgAgB has also been demonstrated to inhibit cell proliferation in cancer cells, which can impede the growth of tumors. Additionally, EgAgB stimulates the immune system to attack cancer cells, enhancing the protein\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s anti-tumor effects. EgAgB has been used in combination with other anti-cancer agents to enhance their efficacy. For example, in one study, the combination of EgAgB and doxorubicin (a chemotherapy drug) resulted in a synergistic effect in inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells. Conclusion: While the anti-tumor effects of EgAgB are encouraging, additional research is necessary to comprehensively comprehend its potential as a cancer treatment and optimize its clinical use. Overall, the findings suggest that EgAgB may be a promising candidate for cancer treatment and warrant further investigation.

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