Background: Cancer is one of the most common cause of death in the world and leukemia as a blood linage malignancy plays a key role and place in 5 rank in terms of cancer incidence. One of the hypothesis for induction of neoplasm is impairment of apoptosis. The aim of this study is the evaluation of cytotoxicity effect of Candida albicans cell wall extract on K569 cancer line. Materials and Methods: K562 cancer cell line and Candida albicans were cultured and the compounds extracted from the yeast wall were prepared. Different concentrations (100, 200, 500, 1000 Mg/ml) of the extracted compounds were prepared and cultured simultaneously with the cancer cell line for three times (24, 48, 72 h). To investigate the process of apoptosis, MTT and flow cytometry tests were performed and SPSS 25 was used for data analysis. Results: The average lethality percentage of k562 cells in all concentrations decreased over time. In addition, the average lethality percentage of k562 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h after the intervention was the highest at the concentration of 1000 and then at the concentration of 500 and similarly at the concentrations of 200 and 100 Mg/ml. In other words, with the decrease in concentration, the average lethality percentage of k562 cells decreased. Also, the highest level of cytotoxicity was observed in the first 24 h. Flow cytometry results showed that cell death was due to apoptosis and not necrosis, so that the IC50 in the first 24 hours was reported as 12500 Mg/ml. Conclusion: Our results showed that Candida albicans cell wall extract has anti-tumor properties and induces apoptosis in K561 cancer strain, and its cytotoxic effect has a direct relationship with concentration and an inverse relationship with time.

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