Medicinal plants play an important role as a source of antifungal compounds, and currently, a number of flavonoids that are derived from medicinal plants are used in plant disease management. Luteolin is a flavonoid in many medicinal plants and is widely known to be responsible for various antifungal activities. The test luteolin was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to produce a primary stock at a concentration of 300 μg mL⁻¹. The primary stock was diluted with sterile molten PDA medium and transferred to sterile petri plates to obtain various concentrations, including 40, 60, 80, and 100 μg mL⁻¹. Every petri dish was inoculated with mycelium plugs from both fungi, which were incubated at 28 °C. Following 7 days of incubation, the fungal colony diameter was measured using a ruler. DMSO was used as a negative control since it had no effect on the growth of both fungi. Three replications were used for each treatment in each of the three repetitions of the experiment. The luteolin compound reduced both fungal growth in vitro. The result of the antifungal effect evaluation showed that luteolin at all tested concentrations had an inhibitory effect on the growth of both pathogens. Therefore, this compound provides significant protection in wheat plants against Fusarium spp.

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