Introduction: In birds, the neural pathways associated with the control of food intake and appetite regulation is very important. Survey the nutritional pathways related to food intake in birds are performed with s tereotaxic surgery. In s tereotaxic surgery, due to the openness of the surgical position and suturing, this position is exposed to bacterial infection, and the animal subsequently suffering brain inflammation. In s tereotactic surgery, lincospectin antibiotic is used generally to prevent the infection. Due to anti-infection effect of penicillin, and the openness of the s tereotaxic surgical position; in this s tudy, the effect of topical use of penicillin on the prevention of infection and inflammation of the brain will inves tigated. Materials and Methods: The present study was performed on 36 (12 per each group) male Ross 308 broiler chicks in 3 groups. Group 1: As the control group did not receive any combination of antibiotic. Group 2: This group received only 1 cc of lincospectin intramuscularly. Group 3: in this group, at the end of s tereotactic surgery, 1 cc of lincospectin intramuscularly+1 cc penicillin antibiotic was locally applied before wearing the surgical position with acrylic dental. Results: The results showed that the use of penicillin antibiotic topically in the surgical location associated with 1 cc lincospectin antibiotic into the breas t muscle, significantly reduces the infection, and mortality due to bacterial contamination and inflammation of the brain during the res t period after surgery. The number of deaths due to infection in the group that received co-injection of lincospectin and penicillin is negligible. Conclusion: The results of this s tudy sugges t that the use of topical penicillin antibiotic plus injections of lincospectin antibiotic in the breas t muscle to reduce the mortality of bacterial infections in s tereotaxic surgery.

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